This photograph shows two longitudinal sections of arteries, including the abdominal aorta, taken from the research study behind the 'Artery' advertisement.
The multi-state research project in the USA (headed by Dr Henry McGill of the Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research, San Antonio, Texas) is known as the PDAY study, which stands for Pathological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth. It reported details of autopsies on about 1400 people aged between 15 and 34 at the time of death by accident, suicide or homicide. For each subject in the study, they dissected arteries and measured the area and depth of fatty streaks and raised lesions on the artery walls.
The top artery belonged to a 31 year old non-smoker; the lower artery belonged to a 30 year old smoker. The red-stained area shows the extent of the fatty streaks and raised lesions on the artery walls of the smoker.
The study found that in the 25 to 34 year age group, the excess of raised lesions in the abdominal aorta was up to three times higher in smokers than in non-smokers even after allowing statistically for the effect of other known risk factors such as cholesterol level.
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